Структурата на деятелния залог (active voice) в английския език в сегашно перфектно време (present perfect tense) е следната:
Subject + has/have + past participle form of the verb + object
Структурата на страдателния залог (passive voice) в present perfect е следната:
Object of the active sentence + has/have + been + past participle form of the verb + by + subject of the active sentence
Промяна съобщително изречение в сегашно перфектно време от деятелен в страдателен залог (passive voice):
- Active: I have written a story.
- Passive: A story has been written by me.
- Active: They have built a house.
- Passive: A house has been built by them.
- Active: He has broken my window.
- Passive: My window has been broken by him.
- Active: I have placed an order for a digital camera.
- Passive: An order for a digital camera has been placed by me.
- Active: She has done her work.
- Passive: Her work has been done by her.
Промяна на отрицателно изречение:
- Active: I have not received a telegram.
- Passive: A telegram has not been received by me.
- Active: She has not written a story.
- Passive: A story has not been written by her.
- Active: She has not cheated anybody.
- Passive: Nobody has been cheated by her.
Промяна на въпросително изречение:
Страдателната форма на този вид изречения започва с has ли have.
Когато изречението в деятелен залог започва с въпросителна дума (напр. when, where, which, why и др.), изречението в страдателен залог също започва с въпросителна дума.
Когато изречението в деятелен залог започва с who или whose, изречението в страдателен залог започва с by whom или by whose.
Когато изречението в деятелен започва с whom, изречението в страдателен залог започва с who.
- Active: Have you kept the secret?
- Passive: Has the secret been kept by you?
- Active: Who has done this?
- Passive: By whom has this been done?
- Active: Why have you told a lie?
- Passive: Why has a lie been told by you?
- Active: Who has torn my book?
- Passive: By whom has my book been torn?
- Active: Have you written the letter?
- Passive: Has the letter been written by you?
- Active: Has the policeman caught the thief?
- Passive: Has the thief been caught by the policeman?
- Active: Has the postal department released a new stamp?
- Passive: Has a new stamp been released by the postal department?
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